🌊Hawaiian & Polynesian Medicine

Papalagi (Spinach Tree)

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius

About Papalagi (Spinach Tree)

Papalagi (Spinach Tree) (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) is a herb used in the Hawaiian & Polynesian Medicine tradition to help with Malnutrition, Anemia, Bone Health, and Immune Support. The aerial parts and leaves are the parts traditionally used, taken internally.

Botanical background

Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, commonly known as chaya or tree spinach, is a large, fast-growing leafy perennial shrub that is believed to have originated in the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. The specific epithet, aconitifolius, means "Aconitum-like leaves". It has succulent stems which exude a milky sap when cut. It can grow to be 6 meters tall, but is usually pruned to about 2 m for easier leaf harvest. It is a popular leaf vegetable in Mexican and Central...

Source: Wikipedia, via iNaturalist

Parts used

Aerial Parts · internalLeaves · internal
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Tea / Infusion

1–3 cups daily
  • Steep 1–2 tsp of dried Papalagi (Spinach Tree) in freshly boiled water for 5–10 minutes.
  • Cover while steeping.
  • Strain and drink.
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Tincture

20–40 drops in water, 2–3× daily
  • Pack dried Papalagi (Spinach Tree) into a jar and cover with 40–60% alcohol.
  • Seal and steep for 4–6 weeks, shaking daily.
  • Strain and store in a dark dropper bottle.
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Powder / Capsule

500 mg – 1 g, 1–3× daily
  • Grind dried Papalagi (Spinach Tree) into a fine powder.
  • Fill size 00 capsules or stir into smoothies or honey.

Pregnancy, Breastfeeding & Children

No herb-specific pregnancy/child safety research is documented for Papalagi (Spinach Tree) in our references — the guidance below is based on its general effect category, not research on Papalagi (Spinach Tree) itself. Always confirm with a midwife, doctor, or pediatrician.

Pregnancy

Use Caution

This herb has immune-modulating activity. Short-term, food-level use is generally lower risk, but concentrated/long-term use is generally reserved for when needed rather than routine — this is a general, mechanism-based caution, not herb-specific research.

Breastfeeding

Likely Safe

Immune-supportive herbs are generally considered lower-risk during breastfeeding at normal amounts; caution is reasonable with autoimmune conditions or immunosuppressant medications.

Children

Use Caution

Short-term, age-appropriate use for colds/immune support is common practice; long-term daily use is generally avoided without pediatric guidance.

Contraindications

  • Autoimmune conditions (lupus, MS, RA) — may overstimulate immune response

Warnings

⚠️ Allergic Reactions

Discontinue immediately if you experience rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

⚠️ Not Medical Advice

This information is for educational purposes only. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before using herbal remedies.

Drug & herb interactions

May affect immune activity

Watch for: Immunosuppressants (for transplant or autoimmune conditions)

Immune-stimulating herbs can work against immunosuppressive therapy.

Where to find in nature

Native region

Pacific Islands — Hawaii, Samoa, Tonga, Tahiti

Climate

Tropical maritime

Habitat

Pacific Island forests, coastal vegetation, and traditional garden plots

🌿 To see Papalagi (Spinach Tree) growing, visit botanical gardens, university plant collections, or specialist herb nurseries near you. If foraging in the wild, always work with an expert identifier — never consume a plant you are not 100% certain of.

Where to buy

In store

  • Health food stores (Whole Foods, Natural Grocers, Holland & Barrett, GNC)
  • Naturopathic clinics and integrative medicine practices
  • Specialist herbal apothecaries and herbalist practices
  • Farmers markets with herb vendors

Online

iHerb

Wide selection of standardised extracts, capsules, and powders with lab testing

Mountain Rose Herbs

Premium bulk dried herbs — certified organic, ethically sourced

Starwest Botanicals

Large selection of certified organic bulk herbs and powders

Herb Pharm

High-quality liquid extracts and tinctures, rigorous quality standards

Amazon

Convenient — verify brand certifications and check third-party testing

Etsy

Small-batch artisan herbalists, hand-harvested and wildcrafted herbs

Quality tips

When buying Papalagi (Spinach Tree), look for: certified organic labelling, clearly stated country of origin, third-party lab testing for heavy metals and pesticides, and a batch expiry date. Standardised extracts offer consistent dosing; bulk dried herbs are more economical for regular use. Avoid very cheap, unlabelled products — quality varies enormously.